{"id":3695,"date":"2025-12-24T09:22:46","date_gmt":"2025-12-24T09:22:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/?p=3695"},"modified":"2025-12-24T14:02:55","modified_gmt":"2025-12-24T14:02:55","slug":"current-affairs-24th-december-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/2025\/12\/24\/current-affairs-24th-december-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"Current Affairs 24th  December 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">1. Maternal mortality dropped as institutional devliveries rose to 89%says ,Health Minister<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>GS Paper II :<\/strong> \u201cIssues relating to development and management of health services\u201d.\u200b<\/p>\n<p><strong>CONTEXT <\/strong>: Institutional deliveries have increased from about 79% (2015\u201316) to nearly 89% (2019\u201321) in India.\u200b<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The Health Minister linked this rise to a significant decline in maternal deaths during childbirth.\u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Institutional delivery \u2013<\/strong>Delivery conducted in a recognised health facility (hospital\/PHC\/CHC).\u200b<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Conducted by a skilled birth attendant like doctor, nurse or ANM.\u200b<\/li>\n<li>Facility has drugs, blood, operation theatre and emergency services.\u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Why institutional delivery matters ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reduces infections through sterile environment and clean practices.\u200b<\/li>\n<li>Manages complications like haemorrhage, eclampsia, obstructed labour early.\u200b<\/li>\n<li>Enables timely Caesarean section when normal labour becomes risky.\u200b<\/li>\n<li>Provides immediate newborn care and resuscitation facilities.\u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Number of maternal deaths per 1,00,000 live births in a given period.\u200b<\/li>\n<li>Counts deaths during pregnancy or within 42 days of pregnancy end.\u200b<\/li>\n<li>Indicates safety and quality of maternal health services in a country.\u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>How institutional delivery reduces MMR<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Quick detection and treatment of life\u2011threatening complications.\u200b<\/li>\n<li>Availability of blood transfusion reduces deaths from severe bleeding.\u200b<\/li>\n<li>Skilled staff follow protocols, lowering anaesthesia and surgery risks.\u200b<\/li>\n<li>Better referral to higher centres through ambulance and linkages.\u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Expansion of medical education in India<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Medical colleges increased rapidly after 2014, crossing 700 institutions.\u200b<\/li>\n<li>AIIMS\u2011like institutes expanded from a handful to over twenty.\u200b<\/li>\n<li>UG and PG medical seats roughly doubled, enlarging doctor workforce.\u200b<\/li>\n<li>New colleges opened in backward districts to correct regional imbalance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">2. Rhino dehorning nearly eliminated poaching in African reserves<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>GS paper III-Environment and Ecology<\/p>\n<p><strong>Context : <\/strong>New study shows rhino dehorning in African reserves cut poaching by about three\u2011fourths.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dehorned rhinos had a much lower chance of being poached than horned rhinos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Why rhinos matter ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mega\u2011herbivores that shape grassland and savanna ecosystems.<\/li>\n<li>High ecological, cultural and tourism value for many countries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Global status (\u22482024)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fewer than about 28,000 rhinos of all species remain in the wild.<\/li>\n<li>Some species stable or recovering; others like Sumatran\/Javan critically endangered.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Poaching crisis \u2013 scale &amp; severity<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Thousands of African rhinos killed since late 2000s for their horn.<\/li>\n<li>Poaching remained high despite heavy spending on patrols and surveillance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What is rhino dehorning?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Management practice of removing most of a rhino\u2019s horn to reduce its value.<\/li>\n<li>Aimed at keeping rhinos alive until wider demand\u2011reduction succeeds.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Procedure and ethics<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rhino is darted, horn cut above growth plate with saw, surface smoothed.<\/li>\n<li>Horn is like a thick fingernail; done under anaesthesia to minimise pain.<\/li>\n<li>Critics worry about stress, repeated captures, and effects on behaviour.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Why poachers kill rhinos<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Horn fetches very high prices in illegal markets in some Asian countries.<\/li>\n<li>Used as status symbol, speculative asset and in traditional medicine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Study findings \u2013 does dehorning work?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dehorning reserves saw \u224875% fall in poaching versus pre\u2011dehorning years.<\/li>\n<li>Reserves starting dehorning saw \u224878% drop within months.<\/li>\n<li>Dehorned rhinos had \u224895% lower individual risk of being poached.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Indicators and impacts<\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"740\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Indicator \/ aspect<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>With dehorning (study result)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Impact in brief<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Overall poaching levels<\/td>\n<td>\u224875% lower than before dehorning<\/td>\n<td>Many more rhinos survive each year.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Early\u2011phase poaching change<\/td>\n<td>\u224878% drop soon after dehorning introduced<\/td>\n<td>Immediate deterrence effect observed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Risk to dehorned individuals<\/td>\n<td>\u224895% lower than to horned rhinos<\/td>\n<td>Poachers avoid low\u2011value animals.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Population trend<\/td>\n<td>More likely stable or slowly increasing<\/td>\n<td>Breeding adults remain in the population.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cost\u2011effectiveness<\/td>\n<td>High when combined with existing protection<\/td>\n<td>One operation \u201cprotects\u201d rhino for several years.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Why dehorning &gt; policing alone<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Policing reacts to poachers; dehorning removes primary economic reward.<\/li>\n<li>Enforcement can be undermined by corruption; dehorning works despite that.<\/li>\n<li>Together, they raise risk and cut reward, pushing poachers elsewhere.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Conservation not one\u2011size\u2011fits\u2011all \u2013 India case<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>India\u2019s rhino success story<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Greater one\u2011horned rhino numbers have increased, especially in Kaziranga.<\/li>\n<li>Poaching has fallen sharply in recent years without mass dehorning.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Outcomes and reasons for success<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Strong laws and tough action create high deterrence for poachers.<\/li>\n<li>Intensive patrolling, intelligence\u2011based operations and fast trials.<\/li>\n<li>Habitat management keeps grasslands and wetlands suitable for rhinos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Role of local communities and rangers<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Communities gain jobs, tourism income and compensation, so support rhinos.<\/li>\n<li>Locals share information on suspicious activities and trafficking.<\/li>\n<li>Armed rangers patrol daily, respond quickly and coordinate with police.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">3. SCL Mohali (semiconductor Lab)<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>GS paper III-science and technology<\/p>\n<p><strong>Context :<\/strong>SCL Mohali receives \u20b94,500 crore under India Semiconductor Mission to modernise operations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What is SCL Mohali<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Semi-Conductor Laboratory (SCL), Mohali: India&#8217;s only government semiconductor fabrication facility.<\/li>\n<li>Established in 1983 under Department of Space (now under MeitY).<\/li>\n<li>Focuses on design, fabrication, and testing of chips for strategic applications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>The 1989 Fire: A Turning Point<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Major fire in 1989 destroyed key facilities.<\/li>\n<li>SCL lost its early lead in semiconductor manufacturing.<\/li>\n<li>Never regained global competitiveness thereafter.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Present Role of SCL Mohali<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Produces legacy\/imported chips for government and PSU needs.<\/li>\n<li>Supplies chips for trains, satellites, LED bulbs, etc.<\/li>\n<li>Serves as training and research resource for students and engineers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Why SCL Cannot Be Cutting-Edge Today<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lacks advanced nanometre-scale fabrication technology.<\/li>\n<li>Far behind Taiwan, South Korea, Japan in modern chipmaking.<\/li>\n<li>High-end chips require billions of dollars and extreme lithography tools SCL does not have.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u20b9<\/strong><strong>4,500 Crore Funding: What It Will Achieve<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Modernise existing equipment and infrastructure.<\/li>\n<li>Improve reliability for legacy chip production.<\/li>\n<li>Strengthen role in strategic sectors and domestic manufacturing.<\/li>\n<li>Cannot make SCL a global cutting-edge player.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>4. NITI Aayog Releases Report on \u2018Internationalization of Higher Education in India\u2019<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Context :<\/strong>NITI Aayog released a comprehensive policy report titled\u00a0<em>\u201cInternationalisation of Higher Education in India\u201d<\/em>\u00a0to operationalise NEP 2020\u2019s vision of \u201cinternationalisation at home\u201d.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The report outlines a roadmap to make India a global hub for higher education and research by 2047, aligned with Viksit Bharat @2047.<\/li>\n<li>It proposes 22 policy recommendations and 76 action pathways to boost inbound students, global research, and India\u2019s soft power through education.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What is Internationalisation of Higher Education?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Integration of international, intercultural, and global dimensions into the purpose, curriculum, research, and governance of HEIs.<\/li>\n<li>Aims to benefit the 97% of Indian students who study in India by bringing global exposure within domestic campuses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Core Features of Internationalisation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Internationalisation at Home<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Embed global curricula, foreign faculty, joint courses, and international research exposure within Indian universities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Two-way Academic Mobility<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Promote balanced inbound and outbound student\u2013faculty exchanges, joint PhD supervision, and visiting professorships.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Cross-border Institutional Presence<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Enable foreign university campuses in India and offshore campuses of Indian HEIs abroad to expand India\u2019s academic footprint.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Research-led Global Integration<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Focus on joint research, co-authored publications, shared labs, and participation in global research consortia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Education as Soft Power<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Use higher education as an instrument of diplomacy, cultural influence, and long-term global engagement, especially with the Global South.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Potential of Higher Education in India<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Demographic Advantage<\/strong>: Young population (avg. age 28.4 years) offers a large talent pool for global education and innovation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Scale and System Capacity<\/strong>: Over 1,200 universities and 40 million students provide unmatched scale for absorbing international students.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cost-Quality Edge<\/strong>: Quality education in engineering, medicine, and management at 30\u201340% lower cost than Western countries.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Knowledge Economy Strengths<\/strong>: Success in IT, space, pharma, and digital public infrastructure enhances India\u2019s credibility as a learning hub.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Global Ranking Presence<\/strong>: 54 Indian institutions in QS World Rankings 2026 signal readiness to host 1 lakh international students by 2030.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Challenges to Internationalisation<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Inbound\u2013Outbound Imbalance<\/strong>: Over 13 lakh Indian students study abroad, but India hosts only ~50,000 foreign students.<\/li>\n<li><strong>High Forex Outflow<\/strong>: Overseas education remittances reached USD 3.4 billion in 2023\u201324, straining national resources.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Regulatory Fragmentation<\/strong>: Multiple regulators and absence of a single degree-equivalence framework deter foreign participation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Uneven Institutional Readiness<\/strong>: Most state and rural universities lack international hostels, faculty support systems, and global academic offices.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Limited Global Branding<\/strong>: Low international visibility, weak alumni diplomacy, and inconsistent global outreach reduce India\u2019s appeal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Three Global Strategies for Internationalisation<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Transnational Education (TNE) Hubs<\/strong>: Countries like UAE, Singapore, and Australia attract global universities through branch campuses and flexible regulation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Academic Mobility &amp; Talent Attraction<\/strong>: Nations like Germany and Canada use liberal visas, post-study work options, and funded fellowships to attract global talent.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Global Research &amp; Ranking-driven Collaboration<\/strong>: Leading systems (US, UK, EU) prioritise joint research grants, co-authored publications, and global rankings to boost innovation and prestige.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>NITI Aayog\u2019s Recommended Strategy<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Inter-Ministerial Task Force<\/strong>: Set up a high-level body under the Ministry of Education to coordinate targets, funding, and global engagement.<\/li>\n<li><strong>National Equivalence Portal<\/strong>: Create a single-window digital platform for recognition of professional and non-professional degrees to ease student mobility.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201cCampus-within-a-Campus\u201d Model<\/strong>: Allow foreign universities to operate co-located campuses within Indian HEIs using a brownfield approach with a 10-year sunset clause.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Country Centres of Excellence (CoEs)<\/strong>: Designate Central Universities as nodal hubs for specific partner nations (e.g., 54 CoEs for 54 countries) to deepen bilateral research.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vishwa Bandhu Fellowship<\/strong>: Launch a flagship fellowship to attract global researchers and diaspora faculty from India\u2019s 3.5-crore overseas community.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Expansion beyond GIFT City (IFSC)<\/strong>: Extend the GIFT model to Law, Management, Public Policy, and Sports Science to attract global institutions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Revamped NIRF Framework<\/strong>: Integrate internationalisation indicators (international faculty, inbound students, joint publications) into national rankings.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tagore Academic Mobility Framework<\/strong>: Establish multilateral credit-recognition and mobility arrangements for ASEAN, BIMSTEC, BRICS, and other regional groupings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The roadmap marks a strategic shift from India being a \u201csource\u201d of global students to a \u201cdestination\u201d for global talent.<\/li>\n<li>By prioritising internationalisation at home, India seeks to retain brain capital, reduce forex outflow, and reclaim its civilisational role as a Vishwa Guru.<\/li>\n<li>Achieving the target of 8 lakh international students by 2047 is central to realising the vision of a developed, knowledge-led Viksit Bharat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>5. In Gujarat&#8217;s Dahod, a unique learning model for children in spotlight<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>GS PPAER II-social justice <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>CONTEXT :<\/strong>Gujarat\u2019s Dahod district is in spotlight for a unique play-based early learning model in Anganwadis, supported by UNICEF.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The \u201cPa Pa Pagli\u201d initiative has improved learning outcomes, confidence, and school readiness among 3\u20136 year old children.<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-3696 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-24-145100-300x159.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"336\" height=\"178\" srcset=\"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-24-145100-300x159.png 300w, https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-24-145100.png 427w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 336px) 100vw, 336px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What is Pa Pa Pagli?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A play-oriented pre-school education initiative by Gujarat\u2019s Women and Child Development Department for children aged 3\u20136 years.<\/li>\n<li>Implemented in Anganwadi centres, especially in educationally backward districts like Dahod, to strengthen early learning.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Key Features<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Games-cum-learning model<\/strong>: Learning through structured play, stories, songs, puzzles, and movement-based activities.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Life-skills focus<\/strong>: Builds social skills, communication, hygiene, and daily routines in young children.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anganwadi transformation<\/strong>: Expands Anganwadi role from nutrition\/health to early cognitive and foundational learning.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Digital and visual tools<\/strong>: Uses educational videos, flashcards, and activity kits to make learning engaging.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Institutional support<\/strong>: Implemented with technical guidance and quality standards support from UNICEF India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Significance<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Early brain development<\/strong>: Targets the critical 0\u20136 age window when about 85% of brain development occurs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reduces learning gaps<\/strong>: Improves school readiness and lowers future learning deficits and dropout risks.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Promotes equity<\/strong>: Strengthens foundational learning for marginalised and first-generation learners in tribal and rural areas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>6. Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>GS paper III-science and technology<\/p>\n<p><strong>CONTEXT :<\/strong>NASA has lost contact with the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) spacecraft after it went silent in early December 2025, following a routine communication blackout.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>MAVEN, which reached Mars around the same time as India\u2019s Mangalyaan, had been a key orbiter for studying Mars\u2019 atmosphere and relaying data from surface missions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What is MAVEN?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>MAVEN is a NASA Mars orbiter mission dedicated to studying the upper atmosphere, ionosphere, and atmospheric escape processes of Mars.<\/li>\n<li>It aims to understand how Mars transformed from a warm, wet planet in the past to the cold, dry<\/li>\n<li><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3697 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-24-145146-300x194.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"194\" srcset=\"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-24-145146-300x194.png 300w, https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-24-145146.png 491w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\u00a0world it is today.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Key Details<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Launch date<\/strong>: November 18, 2013.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Primary aim<\/strong>: Determine how and how fast Mars lost its atmosphere to space, and the role of the Sun and solar wind in this process.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Support role<\/strong>: Acts as a data relay satellite, transmitting information from Mars rovers like Curiosity and Perseverance back to Earth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Key Features of MAVEN<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Orbiter mission<\/strong>: MAVEN follows an elliptical orbit that samples multiple altitudes, allowing study of daily, seasonal, and solar-driven changes in the atmosphere.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Upper-atmosphere focus<\/strong>: Studies neutral gases, charged ions, solar wind, and magnetic fields in the region where atmospheric escape occurs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Eight scientific instruments<\/strong>: Carries eight specialised payloads, including mass spectrometers and plasma sensors, for detailed atmospheric diagnostics.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Imaging Ultraviolet Spectrograph (IUVS)<\/strong>: Though it lacks a conventional camera, IUVS maps the global structure and composition of Mars\u2019 upper atmosphere in ultraviolet light.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Communications relay role<\/strong>: Functions as an interplanetary relay satellite, supporting data transmission from surface missions to Earth.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Highly elliptical orbit<\/strong>: Allows close passes through the upper atmosphere and distant observations, enabling vertical profiling of atmospheric processes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Major Discoveries and Contributions<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Atmospheric loss quantified<\/strong>: MAVEN confirmed that solar wind stripping has been a dominant mechanism in removing Mars\u2019 atmosphere over billions of years.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Water loss pathways identified<\/strong>: Showed how water vapour breaks into hydrogen and oxygen, with lightweight hydrogen escaping irreversibly to space.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Impact of solar storms<\/strong>: Observed that solar flares and coronal mass ejections sharply increase atmospheric escape rates during extreme space-weather events.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>lagship initiative of the Gujarat Women and Child Development Department and is being implemented with technical support and quality standards guidance from UNICEF India.<\/li>\n<li>Statement 3 is correct: The initiative aims to strengthen quality early childhood education by transforming Anganwadis from mere nutrition and health centres into centres of early cognitive and foundational learning<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Maternal mortality dropped as institutional devliveries rose to 89%says ,Health Minister GS Paper II : \u201cIssues relating<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3714,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3695","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-daily-current-affairs"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/b_Maternal_mortality_d.png",1024,1024,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/b_Maternal_mortality_d-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/b_Maternal_mortality_d-300x300.png",300,300,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/b_Maternal_mortality_d-768x768.png",640,640,true],"large":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/b_Maternal_mortality_d.png",640,640,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/b_Maternal_mortality_d.png",1024,1024,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/b_Maternal_mortality_d.png",1024,1024,false],"morenews-large":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/b_Maternal_mortality_d-825x575.png",825,575,true],"morenews-medium":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/b_Maternal_mortality_d-590x410.png",590,410,true]},"author_info":{"display_name":"Nithin DTPoperator","author_link":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/author\/nithindtp\/"},"category_info":"<a href=\"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/category\/daily-current-affairs\/\" rel=\"category tag\">DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS<\/a>","tag_info":"DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3695","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3695"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3695\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3698,"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3695\/revisions\/3698"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3714"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3695"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3695"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3695"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}