{"id":1916,"date":"2025-10-10T08:56:35","date_gmt":"2025-10-10T08:56:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/?p=1916"},"modified":"2025-10-21T10:10:00","modified_gmt":"2025-10-21T10:10:00","slug":"current-affairs-10th-october-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/2025\/10\/10\/current-affairs-10th-october-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"Current Affairs 10th October 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><u>1. India to\u00a0 launch Red list survey to assess extinction risks to plants and animals<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>GS Paper III (Environment and Ecology):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>What is the Initiative?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>National Red List Assessment (NRLA) is a MoEFCC-led, nationwide effort to assess extinction risks for 11,000 native species using IUCN Red List methodology.<\/li>\n<li>Led by BSI (flora) and ZSI (fauna) with support from IUCN India and CSS: India.<\/li>\n<li>Unveiled at the IUCN Congress, Abu Dhabi, on October 9, 2025.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Objective and Vision<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Establish a coordinated, science-based, participatory Red Listing system for India.<\/li>\n<li>Support evidence-based policy, conservation, threat mitigation, and sustainable management.<\/li>\n<li>Envision a shift toward inclusive monitoring and integration of traditional knowledge.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Goals<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Publish 30 National Red Data Books by 2030, including thematic volumes.<\/li>\n<li>Complete assessments for 11,000 species and build an accessible online database.<\/li>\n<li>Train 300 Red List assessors, five national trainers; create a National Species Specialist Group.<\/li>\n<li>Identify Key Biodiversity Areas and track species status via Red List Indices.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Global Context \u2013 The IUCN Red List<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The IUCN Red List is the top global standard for species extinction assessment, now covering 169,420 species, with 47,269 threatened as of 2025.<\/li>\n<li>India&#8217;s NRLA data will feed into the global IUCN list, spotlighting underrepresented Global South taxa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Why is This Needed?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Only ~7% of Indian species are currently assessed by IUCN, with high data gaps.<\/li>\n<li>Schedules in Indian law lack scientific detail; science-based lists enable better conservation.<\/li>\n<li>Responds to urgent biodiversity loss, habitat destruction, and illegal wildlife trade.<\/li>\n<li>Strengthens evidence for planning and sustainable development in a highly diverse nation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Challenges<\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"717\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Challenge<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Point<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Fragmented assessments<\/td>\n<td>Existing lists are scattered, covering ~7% of species.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Limited capacity<\/td>\n<td>Shortage of trained assessors and resources.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Endemism and pressures<\/td>\n<td>High endemic species face intense threats and climate risks.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Data gaps and integration<\/td>\n<td>Multiple sources, need for unified peer review.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Funding constraints<\/td>\n<td>\u20b995 crore over five years, risk of delays in implementation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Legal and International Alignment<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>NRLA supports CBD\u2019s targets for comprehensive assessments and monitoring, linking Red List results to SDG tracking.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KM-GBF)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Delivers on post-2020 framework targets, especially area-based protection, species conservation, and RLIs as indicators.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Implementing Details<\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"712\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Parameter<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Details<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Scope<\/td>\n<td>11,000 species: 7,000 flora, 4,000 fauna, prioritized by endemism, protection status.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Methodology<\/td>\n<td>IUCN guidelines, standardized datasheets, peer review, integrated global database.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Collaboration<\/td>\n<td>BSI, ZSI, IUCN India, CSS: India, academic and civil society partners.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Timeline<\/td>\n<td>2025-2030; staged assessments, 30 red data books, online portal.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Funding<\/td>\n<td>\u20b995 crore total from MoEFCC, IUCN, and global partners.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Expected Outcomes<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 185px;\" width=\"893\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Outcome<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Explanation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Red Data Books<\/td>\n<td>30 volumes for conservation planning, peer-reviewed, public database.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Capacity building<\/td>\n<td>Train 300 assessors and five national trainers, establish an expert group.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Data-driven conservation<\/td>\n<td>Centralized database informs threat mitigation and sustainable development.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Global leadership<\/td>\n<td>Align India&#8217;s system with IUCN, strengthen international commitment.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>India\u2019s Biodiversity Context<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>India is a megadiverse country, 2.4% land area, but 8% global flora, 7.5% fauna\u2014four major hotspots.<\/li>\n<li>Faces threats from habitat loss, trade, pollution, and climate change; only ~7% assessed globally, 13.4% fauna threatened.<\/li>\n<li>Legal backbone: Wild Life Protection Act (1972, amended 2022) and scheduled species.<\/li>\n<li>NRLA fills gaps, emphasizes traditional knowledge and broad collaboration for sustainable outcomes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>2. L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Krasznahorkai received the Nobel Prize in Literature<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>GS Paper I (Indian Heritage and Culture): World literature and cultural developments. Contemporary authors and global literary trends.<\/p>\n<p>GS Paper II (International Relations): India&#8217;s global cultural engagement and international personalities.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Context:<\/strong>L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Krasznahorkai received the Nobel Prize in Literature for his &#8220;compelling and visionary oeuvre&#8221; that reaffirms the power of art during apocalyptic times.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Who is L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Krasznahorkai?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hungarian novelist, short story writer, screenwriter, born January 5, 1954, in Gyula near Romania.<\/li>\n<li>Studied law at Szeged\/Budapest before shifting to journalism, editing, then full-time writing from 1984.<\/li>\n<li>Known for a reclusive lifestyle and criticism of Hungary\u2019s right-wing government under Viktor Orb\u00e1n; lived semi-exiled in US, Japan, Germany since 2010s.<\/li>\n<li>Called &#8220;master of the apocalypse&#8221; for dense prose; first Hungarian Nobel laureate in Literature since Imre Kert\u00e9sz (2002).<\/li>\n<li>Father of four, mainly resides in Budapest but travels for research.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>About the Nobel Prize in Literature<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Annual award by Swedish Academy for works with &#8220;idealistic tendencies&#8221; per Alfred Nobel\u2019s will.<\/li>\n<li>Prize includes medal, diploma, 11 million kronor (~$1 million).<\/li>\n<li>2025 announcement on Oct 9, ceremony Dec 10, Stockholm.<\/li>\n<li>Highlights Central European literature resurgence after recent awards to Jon Fosse, Han Kang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Why He Won? Nobel Committee Citation<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>For &#8220;compelling and visionary oeuvre&#8221; reaffirming art\u2019s power in apocalyptic peril.<\/li>\n<li>Cited for epic scope, Kafka\u2019s absurdism, Bernhard\u2019s grotesque excess, irony, social critique, surrealism.<\/li>\n<li>Explores societal fragility, rebellion against authoritarianism, resilience.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Style and Literary Themes<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Uses long, winding sentences; single-paragraph novels; sparse dialogue.<\/li>\n<li>Influences: Kafka, Bernhard, East European folklore; prose called &#8220;symphonic&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>Themes: Apocalyptic collapse, resistance, redemptive art, nationalism\/fascism critique, cosmic isolation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Collaboration with Filmmaker B\u00e9la Tarr<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Long partnership, screenplays\/adaptations: Damnation, Satantango, Werckmeister Harmonies, The Man from London.<\/li>\n<li>Created &#8220;slow cinema&#8221; masterpieces with existential, hypnotic themes; Tarr called Krasznahorkai his &#8220;literary soulmate&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>Their works praised globally, screened internationally, influential for world cinema\/critics.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Global Recognition<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Won: Best Translated Book Award (US, 2013), Man Booker International Prize (2015), National Book Award (US, 2019).<\/li>\n<li>Translated into 30+ languages; acclaimed &#8220;contemporary master of apocalypse&#8221; by NYT.<\/li>\n<li>Inspired writers, advanced Hungarian literature\u2019s global reputation, studied worldwide.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>3. INDIA -U. K RELATIONS<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>General Studies (GS) Paper II: <\/strong>International Relations: India-UK Bilateral Relations, Regional Groupings, and Agreements involving India<\/p>\n<p><strong>Context: <\/strong>UK PM Keir Starmer visited India for the first time since taking office in July 2024.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The visit, following Modi\u2019s July 2025 UK trip, focuses on implementing the India\u2013UK Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA).<\/li>\n<li>Discussions centred on defence, trade, education, and technology under the\u00a0<em>\u2018Vision 2035\u2019<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Key Announcements<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Strategic Agreements<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Launch of\u00a0<em>\u2018Vision 2035\u2019<\/em>\u00a0for a decade-long partnership in defence, trade, and innovation.<\/li>\n<li>Deals signed despite global tensions from the Russia\u2013Ukraine and Israel\u2013Palestine conflicts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Defence Cooperation<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Missile Contract:\u00a0\u00a3350 million deal for Thales-built lightweight multirole missiles (LMM) for India\u2019s army.<\/li>\n<li>Naval Engines:\u00a0\u00a3250 million collaboration for electric-powered naval engines under joint R&amp;D.<\/li>\n<li>Builds on the July 2025 Defence Industrial Roadmap promoting co-development of advanced weapons.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Economic and Trade Momentum<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Economic Investments<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Indian Investments in UK:\u00a0\u00a31.3\u202fbillion (~\u20b915,430\u202fcrore) from 64 companies in clean energy, construction, and advanced manufacturing.<\/li>\n<li>Key Contributors:\u00a0TVS Motor (\u00a3250\u202fmillion EV unit), Muthoot Finance (\u00a3100\u202fmillion expansion), Rolls-Royce (\u00a3100\u202fmillion in semiconductors).<\/li>\n<li>CETA Benefits:\u00a0Boosts trade in fintech, consumer goods, and professional services, encouraging post-Brexit recovery.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Job Creation<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>UK expects over 7,000 new jobs across defence, engineering, and creative industries.<\/li>\n<li>Thales missile deal secures 700 jobs in Northern Ireland.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Education and Technology Collaboration<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Higher Education<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Universities of Lancaster and Surrey approved to open campuses in India, bringing total UK campuses to nine.<\/li>\n<li>Expands access to world-class higher education and joint research in AI, clean energy, and fintech.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Innovation and R&amp;D<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>New partnerships in semiconductors, EVs, and clean energy technology.<\/li>\n<li>Starmer and Modi addressed the Global Fintech Fest to boost tech-led cooperation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>People-to-People Ties<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Focus on student exchanges and skills development.<\/li>\n<li>Trade and education kept separate from migration or visa issues.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Diplomatic and Strategic Engagement<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>High-Level Talks<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Modi-Starmer meeting at Raj Bhavan, Mumbai, discussed CETA implementation and defence cooperation.<\/li>\n<li>Reviewed shared strategic priorities under\u00a0<em>\u2018Vision 2035\u2019<\/em>\u00a0for sustainable growth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Global Issues<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Both leaders addressed Russia\u2013Ukraine and Israel\u2013Palestine conflicts.<\/li>\n<li>Starmer reaffirmed respect for India\u2019s strategic autonomy and partnership in global peace efforts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Business Delegation<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>UK delegation promoted collaboration in fintech, health, culture, and tourism sectors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Mutual Benefits<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>For India<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Strengthened defence capacity through tech transfer and joint production.<\/li>\n<li>Job creation via expanded trade and investments under CETA.<\/li>\n<li>Enhanced access to quality education through UK university campuses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>For UK<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Increased exports and industrial orders in defence and tech sectors.<\/li>\n<li>\u00a31.3\u202fbillion Indian investments boost economic recovery post-Brexit.<\/li>\n<li>Greater influence in Indo-Pacific and expansion of educational outreach.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Challenges Ahead<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Divergent views on Russia\u2013Ukraine and migration remain sensitive.<\/li>\n<li>Ratification of CETA and alignment on defence and education regulations needed.<\/li>\n<li>Global slowdown may affect the pace of implementation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Vision 2035: Future Roadmap<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Time-bound plan for deeper cooperation in defence, trade, climate, and technology.<\/li>\n<li>Focus on sustainable growth through innovation and green jobs.<\/li>\n<li>Positions India\u2013UK partnership as a stabilizing global pillar for\u00a0<em>Viksit Bharat<\/em>\u00a0and post-Brexit UK prosperity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>4. IAF Marks 93<sup>rd<\/sup> anniversary with ceremonial parade at Hindon Base<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>GS Paper III (Security and Disaster Management): Role of armed forces in national security.<\/p>\n<p>GS Paper II (Polity &amp; International Relations): India\u2019s defense preparedness and joint exercises.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Context: <\/strong>Indian Air\u00a0Force (IAF) held\u00a0its 93rd-anniversary parade\u00a0at Hindon Base\u00a0on October 8, 2025.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Event\u00a0led by Air Chief\u00a0Marshal AP Singh, highlighted\u00a0legacy, innovation, and readiness.<\/li>\n<li>Major aerial\u00a0and static displays\u00a0reflected the\u00a0IAF\u2019s role in\u00a0self-reliant\u00a0defense.<\/li>\n<li>National\u00a0attention focused\u00a0on unity, operational\u00a0prowess, and\u00a0indigenous advancements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Evolution\u00a0of IAF<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>IAF\u00a0has grown from\u00a0a 1932 auxiliary\u00a0force to the\u00a0world\u2019s fourth-largest air power.<\/li>\n<li>Progress seen\u00a0in space surveillance, cyber operations, and integral\u00a0defense triad\u00a0roles.<\/li>\n<li>Parade\u00a0narrative underscored the journey\u00a0from colonial\u00a0support to sovereignty.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Operational\u00a0Readiness<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Precision\u00a0&#8220;Dhwaj&#8221; flypasts and disciplined\u00a0march showcased\u00a0combat preparedness.<\/li>\n<li>Unit citations\u00a0and military\u00a0honors signaled\u00a0high standards\u00a0in multi-domain\u00a0operations.<\/li>\n<li>IAF\u2019s ethos\u00a0of &#8220;Train like\u00a0we fight&#8221; reinforced\u00a0by top leadership.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Indigenous\u00a0Capability<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Parade spotlighted indigenously\u00a0developed Akash missile and\u00a0Netra AEW&amp;C.<\/li>\n<li>Emphasized growth\u00a0in defense manufacturing\u00a0and reduced foreign\u00a0reliance.<\/li>\n<li>Collaboration\u00a0with DRDO, private\u00a0sector fueling\u00a0new tech and\u00a0resilient capabilities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>IAF Modernisation Drive<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vision 2047 aims for 42\u00a0squadrons, fifth-gen fighters, and AI-enabled\u00a0upgrades.<\/li>\n<li>Major\u00a0investments boost\u00a0modernization\u00a0of fleets and\u00a0networked systems.<\/li>\n<li>Featured assets\u00a0like Rafale,\u00a0Netra, Akash-NG, and Apache\u00a0helicopters.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Key Systems\u00a0Showcased<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 469px;\" width=\"941\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>System Type<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Example<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Role<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Multi-Role Fighters<\/td>\n<td>Rafale,\u00a0Su-30MKI<\/td>\n<td>Air dominance, precision engagements, ground support<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Airborne Surveillance<\/td>\n<td>Netra Mk1A<\/td>\n<td>Real-time threat\u00a0detection and\u00a0battle management<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Surface-to-Air\u00a0Missiles<\/td>\n<td>Akash-NG<\/td>\n<td>Layered air defense\u00a0against diverse\u00a0threats<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Heavy Transport<\/td>\n<td>C-17\u00a0Globemaster III<\/td>\n<td>Rapid, strategic\u00a0deployment and\u00a0humanitarian\u00a0missions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Attack Helicopters<\/td>\n<td>Apache\u00a0AH-64E<\/td>\n<td>Close\u00a0air support in\u00a0high-threat environments<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>UAVs<\/td>\n<td>Heron TP<\/td>\n<td>Persistent ISR\u00a0and unmanned\u00a0strike operations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Historical\u00a0Background: IAF at a Glance<\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"710\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Aspect<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Details<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Founding &amp; Motto<\/td>\n<td>Formed Oct 8, 1932; \u201cTouch\u00a0the sky with\u00a0glory\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Initial Strength<\/td>\n<td>First squadron: 4 Wapiti\u00a0aircraft, 6 officers, 19 airmen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Personnel\/Structure<\/td>\n<td>131,000 active,\u00a05 regional commands, elite Garud\u00a0force<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Aircraft Fleet<\/td>\n<td>1,716 total: 538 fighters, 31 combat squadrons (goal:\u00a042)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Milestones<\/td>\n<td>Role\u00a0in 1971 war,\u00a0UN ops, women\u00a0fighter pilots, S-400 intro<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Global Engagement<\/td>\n<td>10,000+ UN\u00a0sorties, Kargil strikes, QUAD exercises<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Bases\/Infra<\/td>\n<td>Over\u00a060 bases; Hindon is the largest, major radar\u00a0upgrades<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The 93rd anniversary\u00a0celebrated heritage, modernization, and future vision.<\/li>\n<li>IAF\u2019s evolution\u00a0blends valor\u00a0with reform,\u00a0ensuring aerial\u00a0supremacy for &#8220;Viksit Bharat.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>Modernization readies the force for emerging aerial threats and strengthens national security.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>5. Delhi unveils interactive \u2018Breathable Art\u2019 installation to promote clean air and sustainable living<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Context:\u00a0<\/strong>The MoEFCC inaugurated \u2018Breathable Art\u2019 \u2014 a living art structure made with air-purifying plants to raise awareness about air quality, sustainability, and clean. Urban living<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1918 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Screenshot-2025-10-10-142137-300x166.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"764\" height=\"423\" srcset=\"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Screenshot-2025-10-10-142137-300x166.png 300w, https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Screenshot-2025-10-10-142137.png 348w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 764px) 100vw, 764px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What is &#8216;Breathable Art&#8217;?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u2018Breathable Art\u2019 is a unique, living art installation that blends environmental science and creative design.<\/li>\n<li>Made using air-purifying plants and sustainable materials, it aims to improve air quality and promote eco-friendly urban living.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Implementing Agency and Initiative<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Launched by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC).<\/li>\n<li>Part of the \u2018Breath of Change \u2013 Clean Air, Blue Skies\u2019 campaign and EIACP programme.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Key Features<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Uses plants like Areca Palm, Money Plant, Spider Plant, Peace Lily, and Bamboo Palm to naturally filter pollutants like formaldehyde and benzene.<\/li>\n<li>QR codes on-site educate visitors about the plants&#8217; benefits and sustainable practices.<\/li>\n<li>Serves as an educational hub for students, local communities, and volunteers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Functions and Purpose<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Acts as a strategic intervention in air pollution hotspots, improving both air quality and urban aesthetics.<\/li>\n<li>Fosters community engagement and builds public awareness about environmental sustainability.<\/li>\n<li>Supports behavioral change for eco-friendly lifestyles in cities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Impact and Outcomes<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Enhances green public spaces and brings nature-based solutions to cities.<\/li>\n<li>Model for environmental awareness and pollution mitigation in urban India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. India to\u00a0 launch Red list survey to assess extinction risks to plants and animals GS Paper III<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2464,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1916","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-daily-current-affairs"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/generated-image-18.jpg",2048,2048,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/generated-image-18-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/generated-image-18-300x300.jpg",300,300,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/generated-image-18-768x768.jpg",640,640,true],"large":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/generated-image-18-1024x1024.jpg",640,640,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/generated-image-18-1536x1536.jpg",1536,1536,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/generated-image-18.jpg",2048,2048,false],"morenews-large":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/generated-image-18-825x575.jpg",825,575,true],"morenews-medium":["https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/generated-image-18-590x410.jpg",590,410,true]},"author_info":{"display_name":"Nithin DTPoperator","author_link":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/author\/nithindtp\/"},"category_info":"<a href=\"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/category\/daily-current-affairs\/\" rel=\"category tag\">DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS<\/a>","tag_info":"DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1916","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1916"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1916\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2476,"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1916\/revisions\/2476"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2464"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1916"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1916"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arkreflectionsias.com\/studentportal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1916"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}